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新加坡全球配置 | 掌握债券基础知识，理财从此轻松无忧！

今天和大家分享一下债券的基础知识和如何投资债券，帮助大家更好地管理财务，实现财富增值。📈

股票与债券的区别

现代证券市场主要有两大类产品：股票和债券。你知道它们的主要区别是什么吗？

股票：权益类产品。股票拥有者拥有公司的权益，是公司的“合伙人”或“主人”，通过利润分红和股价上涨获得回报。

债券：固定收益类产品，是一个带有利息的欠条。债券发行人承诺在债券到期前定期支付固定的利息；在债券到期时，全额归还本金。债券投资者无法干预公司的运营，也无法享受公司分红，但在公司破产时，债券持有人优先获得补偿。

风险与回报

股票和债券在风险和回报上有很大差别。股票的回报高，风险也大。以美国为例，股票的平均年化收益率是11%，最差年份下跌43%，最好年份上涨54%；债券的平均年化收益率是5.5%，最差年份下跌8%，最好年份上涨33%。

债券的基础参数

决定债券产品风险和收益率的参数主要有三个：

  1. 发行人的资质：决定债券的评级，评级越高，风险越低。
  2. 债券的年限：发行人归还本金的时间跨度，年限越长，风险越高。
  3. 利息率：债券发行人和投资者双方约定的利息率，风险越高，利息率越高。

债券的价格与收益率

债券的价格通常与收益率负相关。如果债券价格下跌，收益率上升；反之亦然。债券价格也受市场利率变化影响：加息周期，债券价格下跌；降息周期，债券价格上升。

债券的分类

1. 国债：主权国家发行的债券，风险最低，利息率也最低。

2. 企业债：企业发行的债券，风险最高，利息率也最高。

3. 资产抵押债券：金融公司把优质资产（通常是房贷）打包变成债券。

4. 市政债券：地方政府发行的债务，风险比国债高，比企业债低。

如何投资债券产品？

1. 购买债券基金

  • 可以在任何证券账户购买债券基金。推荐低费率的指数基金，如Vanguard Total Bond Market Index Fund (VBTLX, ETF: BND)。
  • 高收入家庭在应税账户里可以考虑免税的市政债券基金（Muni Bond Funds）。

2. 购买单只债券

  • 国债：购买半年期或一年期的T-Bills获得短期可预期的利息；锁定高利息率可以购买五年到十年的中期国债。

在新加坡如何购买债券？

在新加坡，投资者可以通过本地银行或券商购买新加坡政府债券（SGS）和企业债券。投资者也可以选择债券基金，通过投资单位信托基金或交易所交易基金（ETF）来分散风险。不同债券的税务处理和投资门槛有所不同，建议在购买前咨询专业理财顾问。

希望这篇文章能帮助大家更好地了解债券投资，如果有任何问题，欢迎在评论区留言哦！😊

 

你的宝库管家
Jolysse邬宇思
微信：Yusi_Wo / WhatsApp：90088276
新加坡全牌照理财顾问
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Important: The information and opinions in this article are for general information purposes only. They should not be relied on as professional financial advice. Readers should seek independent financial advice that is customised to their specific financial objectives, situations & needs. This advertisement or publication has not been reviewed by the Monetary Authority of Singapore.

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根据《个人数据保护法》，鑫盟理财私人有限公司征求您的同意向您收集并使用您的个人信息。鑫盟理财将根据公司的个人数据保护政策所阐述的用途使用您的个人资料（例如姓名，证件号码，联系电话，邮寄地址，电邮地址和照片）。 该政策可在本公司网站上查寻，网址为 https://fa.com.sg/data-protection-policy/.

By submitting this form, you are deemed to have read and understood FAPL’s Personal Data Policy.

提交此表格，即表示您已阅读并理解鑫盟理财私人有限公司的个人数据政策