在新加坡,怎样为你的保单设置信托?

最近有不少打算在新加坡配置保险的朋友,跟我咨询如何为保单设立信托,我在本文做一个比较初步的介绍。

进入正题之前,我们先要了解,信托是什么?

在国内,信托很多时候是以一种理财产品的形式被呈现并且销售给客户的,但是信托在本质上其实是一种法律安排,它最大的作用也是体现在法律的层面。

一个信托里面最重要的三个角色包括委托人、受托人和受益人。委托人将自己的一部分财产转移进入信托,由受托人按照信托契约里的指令管理并发放给受益人。受托人可以是个人或者机构,通常我们会选择有专业资质的信托公司来担任受托人。另外,现在很多信托还会设置一个信托保护人的角色,最主要的作用是代替委托人去监督受托人履行职责,确保这个信托起到原本应该起的作用。

在新加坡,怎样为你的保单设置信托? — Engage

新加坡的信托法规在很大程度上源自于英国的信托法传统。早在1967年,新加坡就出台了《受托人法》,并在2004年进行了重大的修订,《受托人法》为设立在新加坡的信托提供了基本的法律框架。同时,在2005年也出台了《信托公司法》,用来监管在新加坡提供信托服务的公司,并且规定了获得相关执照的条件。

为购买的保单设置信托,大多出自两个方面的考量。

第一,是让委托人即便在过世以后,仍然可以根据自己生前的意愿,控制保险赔偿金如何发放给受益人。比如委托人可以规定,不要把保险理赔金一次性全额交给受益人,而是分成每年或者每个月,由受托人向受益人支付一个百分比,这样保险理赔金就可以细水长流,而不会被受益人轻易挥霍掉。

第二,是将保险资产从委托人的个人资产当中隔离出来,万一发生债务纠纷或者婚姻变故,这部分保险资产可以得到保全。

在新加坡,主要可以通过三种形式为我们的保单设置信托,每种有各自的优缺点,能达成的目的也不一样,我们一个一个来看。

01 为保单做“信托提名”

新加坡凡是有死亡赔付的保单都可以通过“信托提名”或者“可撤销提名”来指定保单的受益人,它们之间的区别我在之前的文章里做过详细的介绍(可参考:买完保险,别忘了给你的保单指定受益人)。当“信托提名”生效,我们就立即失去了保单的所有权和控制权,因此可以起到资产隔离的目的,即便我将来破产了,这份保单可以免于债权人的追偿。

“信托提名”的优点是操作非常简便,而且完全免费。我们只要填好一份“信托提名”的表格,提交给保险公司就可以了。但是“信托提名”也有明显的局限,指定的受益人只可以是配偶或者子女,而且如果只做了“信托提名”,保险理赔金就只能一次性全额发放给受益人,我们没有办法做其他的安排。

 

02 设立“备用信托”

“备用信托”在设立之初会处于“休眠”的状态,里面不会装有资产,只有当某个特定事件发生,使得大量资产被注入其中,“备用信托”才会激活,开始发挥作用。

比如,我们可以把人寿保单的受益人改成我们设立的信托,那么当我们过世,保险公司就会把身故理赔金转进这个信托的银行账户,此时信托真正开始运行,受托人开始按照既定的指令管理保险理赔金并发放给信托受益人。

在新加坡,怎样为你的保单设置信托? — Engage

相比于“信托提名”,“备用信托”可以允许委托人自由设计保险理赔金的发放方式,而不再是只能一次性全额发放,也就避免了后者可能存在的一些弊端和风险。“备用信托”的受益人也不再局限于配偶和子女,而是可以指定任何人或者其他实体,比如一家公司或者慈善机构。

但是,因为委托人生前仍然拥有保单的所有权和控制权,因此如果发生债务问题,这份保单仍然可以被债权人追偿。“备用信托”也有相应的设立费和维护费,不过在信托被激活之前,维护费用非常低。

 

03 设立“生前信托”

与“备用信托”不同的是,委托人在世的时候就直接将保单所有权转让给了信托,信托已经开始实际运营,受托人也已经开始按照信托契约的指令管理保单。

在新加坡,怎样为你的保单设置信托? — Engage

“生前信托”集合了“信托提名”和“备用信托”各自的优点,可以同时起到财务隔离和灵活分配保险金的功能。不过相对应的,“生前信托”无论是设立费还是维护费都要更高,所以最终选择哪种方式也要看我们自己的经济能力。

以上三种为保单设立信托的形式,我在文章最后做一个总结。

在新加坡,怎样为你的保单设置信托? — Engage

Important: The information and opinions in this article are for general information purposes only. They should not be relied on as professional financial advice. Readers should seek independent financial advice that is customised to their specific financial objectives, situations & needs. This advertisement or publication has not been reviewed by the Monetary Authority of Singapore.

Published By:

Li Yu 李雨

2008年获SM1奖学金来新加坡留学
毕业于新加坡国立大学,此后进入保险行业,至今已逾7年
至今已为上百个新加坡、中国大陆和台湾家庭提供私人定制的保险与财富管理方案

我的目标:从客户的角度出发,提供中立、专业、全面的保险与财务规划方案,并提供优质、持续的服务

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In compliance with the Personal Data Protection Act, Financial Alliance Pte Ltd (“FAPL”) seek your consent to collect and use your personal data (e.g. name, NRIC, contact numbers, mailing addresses, email addresses and photograph) for the purposes of and in accordance with FAPL’s Data Protection Policy, which can be found on FAPL’s website at https://fa.com.sg/data-protection-policy/.

根据《个人数据保护法》,鑫盟理财私人有限公司征求您的同意向您收集并使用您的个人信息。鑫盟理财将根据公司的个人数据保护政策所阐述的用途使用您的个人资料(例如姓名,证件号码,联系电话,邮寄地址,电邮地址和照片)。 该政策可在本公司网站上查寻,网址为 https://fa.com.sg/data-protection-policy/.

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  • 我已阅读并理解鑫盟理财私人有限公司的个人数据保护政策,并同意鑫盟理财私人有限公司根据个人数据保护政策所阐述的用途使用我的个人资料。
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  • Financial Alliance Pte Ltd ( “FAPL”) is licensed by the Monetary Authority of Singapore (“MAS”) and allowed to conduct financial advisory activities in accordance with the Financial Advisers Act (Cap. 110) (“FAA”) and the Securities & Futures Act (Cap. 289) (“SFA”) within the jurisdiction of the Republic of Singapore and in accordance with the licenses granted by MAS
  • 鑫盟理财私人有限公司( “鑫盟理财”)持有由新加坡金融管理局(“MAS”)所颁发的牌照,并许可在新加坡共和国境内依据财务顾问法(第110章)和证券与期货交易法(第289章)进行财务咨询等相关业务
  • Any services provided by FAPL to persons not ordinarily resident in Singapore are provided solely on an offshore basis from Singapore, resulting from direct enquiry on the part of the foreign residents.
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  • As an integral part of the provision of such services, FAPL may from time to time make available to such residents, documents and information making reference to capital markets products (for example, in connection with the provision of fund management or investment advisory services outside of the foreign jurisdiction).
  • 作为提供此类服务的一部分,鑫盟理财会不时向此类咨询者提供有关产品的参考文件和信息(例如,关于海外司法管辖区以外的资金管理或投资咨询服务等信息)。
  • Such documents and information are provided by Financial Alliance Pte Ltd (“FAPL”) is for general information only and is not intended for anyone other than the recipient.
  • 此类由鑫盟理财所提供的文件和信息仅供收件人做一般信息参考。
  • It does not take into account the specific investment objectives, financial situation or particular needs of any particular person.
  • 此类文件和信息不会把-个人投资目标,财务状况或其特定需求等考虑在内。
  • It does not constitute the making available of, or an offer or solicitation by FAPL to buy or sell or subscribe for any such capital markets product or to enter into a transaction or to participate in any particular trading or investment strategy nor an advice or a recommendation with respect to such financial products.
  • 鑫盟理财向该人士提供此类文件和信息将不构成要约或招揽购买或出售或认购任何此类资本市场产品,或达成交易或参与任何特定的投资策略,也不构成有关此类金融产品的建议或推荐。
  • These documents may not be published, circulated, reproduced or distributed in whole or in part to any other person without FAPL’s prior written consent.
  • 未经鑫盟理财的事先书面同意,不得将这些文件全文或部分发布,传播,复制或分发给其他人。
  • This document is not intended for distribution to, publication or use by any person in any jurisdiction, where such distribution, publication or use would be contrary to applicable law or would subject FAPL and its related corporations, connected persons, associated persons and/or affiliates to any registration, licensing or other requirements within such jurisdiction.
  • 鑫盟理财无意在分发,出版或使用此类文件可能违反当地法律,或本公司及关联公司或关联人士需要注册,获得许可或符合规定的司法权区向当地人士分发、出版此类文件或供其使用。
  • You shall ensure that you have and will continue to be fully compliant with all applicable laws in your home country when entering into discussion or contracts with FAPL.
  • 在与鑫盟理财进行讨论或签订合约时,您应确保您已完全遵守并将继续遵守您所在原居住国的所有适用法律及条规。

In compliance with the Personal Data Protection Act, Financial Alliance Pte Ltd (“FAPL”) seek your consent to collect and use your personal data (e.g. name, NRIC, contact numbers, mailing addresses, email addresses and photograph) for the purposes of and in accordance with FAPL’s Data Protection Policy, which can be found on FAPL’s website at https://fa.com.sg/data-protection-policy/.

根据《个人数据保护法》,鑫盟理财私人有限公司征求您的同意向您收集并使用您的个人信息。鑫盟理财将根据公司的个人数据保护政策所阐述的用途使用您的个人资料(例如姓名,证件号码,联系电话,邮寄地址,电邮地址和照片)。 该政策可在本公司网站上查寻,网址为 https://fa.com.sg/data-protection-policy/.

By submitting this form, you are deemed to have read and understood FAPL’s Personal Data Policy.

提交此表格,即表示您已阅读并理解鑫盟理财私人有限公司的个人数据政策