新加坡CPF大新闻!这篇文章刷新你对CPF的认知!

如果你常关注手机通知,你应该已经知道,公积金特别账户(CPF-SA)在55岁后将被关闭。这可是个人理财领域的大新闻啊!

假设你的SA账户超过10万新元,一旦你在养老金账户(CPF-RA)中设定好了满额退休储备金(FRS),这10万新元就会被转移到你的普通账户(CPF-OA)。而且,由于2月16日的一则公告,你将立即失去OA账户中10万新元的1.58%利息,相当于每年少赚1580新元…

尽管政府解释了关闭CPF SA的原因,说是为了避免高回报和提高流动性,但对于CPF持有人来说,现在的问题是:

  1. 是否按照默认安排,将SA资金转移到OA,获取流动性但失去额外的1.58%利息,还是
  2. 将SA资金转移到RA,一直到达到增强养老金储备(ERS),以继续获得4.08%的利息。

但是等等,你真的能使用4.08%的利息吗?

记住,RA中的资金获得4.08%的利息,但你不能随心所欲地取出。RA将于65岁时用于加入CPF LIFE。所以,虽然你从理论上获得了4.08%的利息,但你不能直接提现。因此,我们应该关注CPF LIFE的回报,而不是RA的回报。

自从2月16日以来,我看到了许多关于OA、SA、RA回报的文章、视频、Facebook帖子,但没人谈CPF LIFE的回报!

在这篇文章中,我将深入探讨CPF LIFE的回报!

你如何计算CPF LIFE的回报?

首先,CPF LIFE为你提供终身津贴,从65岁开始,津贴的默认领取年龄。让我们关注默认选项(CPF LIFE标准计划),即在55岁时存入213,000新元(2025年FRS),从65岁开始获得1730新元/月的终身津贴。你可以使用CPF LIFE估算器计算津贴金额:CPF LIFE估算器

然而,CPF LIFE估算器中缺少遗产(死后津贴)。关于遗产金额,你唯一可以得到的信息是来自CPF FAQ页面:

“在你去世后,你的受益人将收到你的CPF LIFE保费余额,即你支付的总CPF LIFE保费减去你收到的总津贴,以及任何剩余的CPF储蓄。

例如,如果你支付了20万新元的CPF LIFE保费,然后在连续收到10个月的每月1,000新元津贴后去世,我们将支付给你的CPF LIFE保费余额为19万新元(即20万新元 – [1,000新元 x 10个月]),再加上任何CPF储蓄,支付给你的受益人。”

CPF FAQ

根据提供的公式,我们可以计算加入CPF LIFE标准计划的男性在70岁死亡时的遗产金额。

  • 在55岁时 满额退休金 213,000新元
  • 以RA中的4.08%复利计算
  • 在65岁时 满额退休金增长至 317,725新元
  • 每月津贴金额为 1,730新元
  • 65岁至70岁 来自CPF LIFE的总津贴 5121,730 = 103,800新元
  • 70岁去世 遗产 = 65岁RA – CPF LIFE已收到的津贴
  • 遗产 = 317,725新元 – (5121,730) = 213,925新元

你会注意到,总CPF LIFE津贴(103,800新元) + 遗产(213,925新元)仍然与65岁RA的金额(317,725新元)相同….

你可能会问,这是否意味着317,725新元从65岁开始从不增长?利息去哪了?所赚取的利息进入CPF LIFE池,汇集利息是年金的概念,那些寿命较短的人,不幸的是,所赚取的利息将用于支持那些寿命较长的人的终身津贴…

那么,如何计算CPF LIFE的回报?这是一种经典的现金流分析,没有什么复杂的。你只需要输入55岁时投入RA的金额,以及从CPF LIFE中获得多少。使用内部收益率计算,你将得到CPF LIFE的回报。我已经为你做了计算,请参考男性/女性在55岁时输入FRS/ERS的图像和下面的详细解释:

  • 男性55岁时拥有满额退休金(FRS)
  • 男性55岁时拥有增强退休金(ERS)
  • 女性55岁时拥有满额退休金(FRS)
  • 女性55岁时拥有增强退休金(ERS)

一些要注意的重要事项:

  • 图像中有两个收益率。年化津贴收益率仅基于CPF LIFE津贴计算回报,不包括遗产。这对于只关注从RA储蓄中获得多少的人是有用的,因为遗产津贴并不适用于他们。到死亡的收益率是包括CPF LIFE津贴和遗产的总回报。
  • 根据年化津贴收益率,你从CPF LIFE获得的津贴将超过55岁时投入RA的储蓄的回本点大约在75或76岁。如果你的寿命短于这个年龄,如果不考虑遗产,你将亏损。
  • 死于80岁是最糟糕的年龄…是的,你没听错。原因是从65岁到80岁,遗产津贴的金额将减少你从CPF LIFE收到的金额。CPF LIFE津贴 + 遗产的总支付金额在80岁左右前保持不变。在最差的情况下,你的回到死亡的收益率可能只有2.27%,这比OA账户还差!
  • 在65岁之前,如果你去世,你自己将一分钱也拿不到。这是显而易见的,因为在65岁之前你不能动RA。因此,在65岁之前确保你有足够的储蓄是至关重要的。
  • 你需要活到88/90岁才能看到4%以上的收益。这很关键。不要只是因为RA提供4.08%就决定全额投入到ERS,否则你可能只在88/90岁后看到4%以上的回报!
  • 如果你活得够久,你可以从CPF LIFE获得5%以上的收益。这是因为你将更长时间地接收CPF LIFE的津贴。所以确保你保持健康,活得足够长,以超过4.08%的回报。

总结: 总之,拥有CPF SA肯定比RA更好,因为SA的4.08%是实实在在的,你可以随时使用。RA的4.08%只是在纸上;你应该看CPF LIFE的回报,决定是将多余的SA留在OA中还是增加到RA的ERS。

所以,阅读完这篇文章后,你会选择FRS还是ERS呢?对我来说,我会选择FRS,但我还有大约20年才到55岁;到那时,CPF规则可能会再次变化,这是CPF面临的最大风险。

需要注意的是,CPF Life主要用于保险,防止用尽积蓄,而不是专注于产生回报。

利息已计入月津贴中,你从一开始就可以获得更高的津贴。

令人安心的是,你可以在不考虑寿命或CPF储蓄耗尽的情况下,持续获得收入流。

有关CPF SA关闭对你的影响的更多文章,请阅读:

2024年预算CPF变更:你需要为CPF养老金账户承担多少责任?

2024年预算CPF变更:替代CPF特别账户4%回报的最佳努力尝试

CPF变更:ERS现在是BRS的4倍,但告别CPF SA保护

Important: The information and opinions in this article are for general information purposes only. They should not be relied on as professional financial advice. Readers should seek independent financial advice that is customised to their specific financial objectives, situations & needs. This advertisement or publication has not been reviewed by the Monetary Authority of Singapore.

Published By:

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