遗嘱&遗产规划:“你无法带走财富……但你可以决定谁得到,谁得不到。”

首先遗嘱不单单是按照你的意愿分配财产的具有法律效力的工具,它还是唯一来安顿未成年子女方式。

1.       结婚有孩子的人,如果夫妻去度假同时发生意外,家里的未成年子女将由谁来照顾?谁是他们的法定监护人?他们继承了父母的遗产,在成年前,将由谁来代为管理?这个人是你信任的吗?一定要在遗嘱里明确孩子的法定监护人,和孩子继承的资产的支配方式。

2.       结婚有孩子的人,如果一方去世,根据新加坡继承法,配偶将继承50%,孩子们共同继承另外的50%,那父母呢?对不起,一分也继承不了。新加坡的继承法的优先顺序是配偶和子女优先于父母,赡养老人的义务只限于活着的时候,去世了就没有赡养老人的义务了,如果你希望父母可以分得部分遗产,那么遗嘱必须立!

3.       给孩子买了保险和教育基金,你是保单持有人,孩子是受保者,如果在孩子未成年时,保单持有人去世了,保单是不会自动转给孩子的!孩子是无权对保单进行任何操作!你所为孩子规划的一切都达不到目的了。。所以一定要在遗嘱里面注明,所有第三方保单的继承方式。

4.       在遗嘱认证程序中(Probate),法庭会需要提供逝者的资产清单,如果受益人不知道逝者的资产都在什么地方,就无法提供;你去金融机构查询,金融机构会要求你提供法庭已授予的遗嘱认证(Grant of probate),鸡生蛋蛋生鸡,直接进入死循环。截至2016年,新加坡被遗忘或未知的资产就有1亿6千万新元。不想自己辛苦的积蓄为政府做贡献,遗嘱必须立,并附上资产清单!

5.       如果没有遗嘱的情况,在走法律程序时,需要由执行人来分配遗产,想要做执行人,需要另外有两个担保人,来确保执行人的分配是合理的,而且这两个担保人需要有一定的经济实力,因为如果执行人分配出现错误,被继承人诉上法庭,担保人是有责任赔偿的。谁会愿意做担保人?很难找到的。这也是为什么没有遗嘱的情况下执行起来会拖很久很久的原因之一。如果有遗嘱的情况下,你可以指定你信任的执行人,是不需要担保人的。所以遗嘱一定要立。

6.       如果是离婚人士,更要注意,你以为孩子会继承你所有的财产?别天真了,事实上是,在无遗嘱的情况下,未成年的孩子,监护权会直接过给你的前妻/前夫,你的所有财产都会直接由他来管理,直到孩子21岁时,再转给孩子。有没有可能孩子21岁前,他已经把钱败光了?绝对有可能,这真的会气得从棺材里跳出来得程度了吧。

7.       你的所有法定继承人中,有没有人是你不想给他遗产的?例如,不孝的子孙,或未尽抚养义务出轨的父亲等等。如果不想他们分得遗产,就一定要在遗嘱里面写清楚。

8.       有遗嘱的情况下,整个法律程序走下来,大概2-3个月;无遗嘱得情况下,程序繁琐多了,6个月起跳,多则数年。而且无遗嘱的情况下,需要支付的手续费和律师费也更多,有不少案例就是,最后继承下来的遗产还比律师费来的少。。

起草遗嘱很容易,自己写或律师楼都可以做,但是要确保遗嘱的可实施性,合理性,合法性并考量到遗孀在继承程序中会面临的问题,还是建议和遗产规划顾问咨询沟通。

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